M, N, ŋ words

based on John Halloren's Sumerian Lexicon
modified in red by Fred Hamori as Sumerian & FU List. Formatives which are rarely shown in Sumerian are bracketed ( ) in their Hungarian versions. Due to the very large number of homonymic root words the formatives are used to differentiate the root word meanings but occasionally there are also categories like trees, materials, etc that also are used as suffixes. The adjective in Sumerian leads the item it refers to whereas in Hungarian it normally follows the word. Yet there are also cases where it leads. This at times makes the word look like its reversed, as in a metathesis.

ma	to bind (Emesal dialect for ŋál; ŋá) [MA archaic frequency = 250]. [ *aðeme >>enyv]
mà	(Emesal dialect for ŋá-e).
ma(3); ŋá me- (ni)	to go (Akk. alaaku). [ *meńe > me- ni, me-gy, mé-sz etc. =go ]
má(-a)...ŋar	to load a boat ('boat' + 'in' + 'to place').
má(-a)...u5 mü ..ül	to go on board; to embark ('boat' + 'to mount'). *l>ø [mü =vehicle + ül=to sit in/on ]
má(-a)-si-ga	describes products used to fill a boat ('boat' + 'in' + 'to fill' + nominative).
ma4 el- me-(ni)	to leave, depart, go out (cf., mud6). [ *meńe > me-ni, me-gy, etc =to go ]
ma5	(cf., mù).
ma-al	Emesal dialect for ŋál.
ma-az mos-oly	exuberant, joyful; a female dancer. ?mos-(oly)=a smile
ma-da me-gye	district, realm (Akkadian, maatu(m) I, 'land'). [ *maa=earth *metsa =outer territory >> forest, plains etc in various daughter languages mesze =far , megye =a county]
má-gan-an-na^ki	Magan (a country on the sea route to India) ('boats' + 'support' + 'to be high' + nominative).
mah mag-as	v., to be or make large (ama, 'mother of', + numerous) m>n? [nagy=big, large] [MAH archaic frequency = 6; concatenates 2 sign variants]. [mag-as=tall ] adj., high, exalted, great, lofty, foremost, sublime. [mag-as =high, important, lofty, foremost, etc..<<*mon’s’=high born, heavenly origin ]
máh[AL] méh	an adjective for cows (as opposed to ŋiš for bulls). [méh=womb, ie mother cow, vs ŋis=tree/phallus, (fa/fasz=free/phallus) thus stud bull.]
mah-bi mag-as	adv., powerfully ('great' + adverbial force suffix). [mag-as =high, important, powerfull]
makkaš(2)	wailing; clamor (mah, 'great',? + kuš7, 'devastation').
ma-la-(g) mel-ék	friend (among females) ('to bind' + LA.GA, 'an obscene name for the female genitalia' per Landsberger). [mel-ék =adjacent + ? luk= hole ]
ma-mu(2)-(d) mámor	dream ('it is growing for me'). [mám-or =to be in a daze ]
ma-na	a unit of weight measure, mina = ca. 500 grams = 60 gín (since Akkad period, 2 ma-na = 1 sìla of water) (Akk., manûm, 'to count').
mana, mìna, man, mìn, men5 *minia > menye minó	partner; companion; equal; two (cf., mina, 'two'). [menye < *minia =young wife, daughter in law] , [minó=one of a set of two]
ma-na-tur	a surface area measure, little mina = 1/3 shekel = 60 surface še = 720 square fingers; as a volume measure, = 60 še. menyi=what amount + tér > ter-ül-et=surface area
man-gaga minó –könyök > meg –köt-ni	palm fiber, bast (man, 'partner', + gag, 'peg, nail', + a(k), 'genitive'). mino =one of two, partner + nyak, kö-nyök =body joints neck, elbow etc. meg-köt-ni =to tie/weave it.
má-nisaŋ-ŋá	boat with first-fruit offerings ('boat' + 'first-fruits' + nominative).
má-ŋéš-gur (jár)-mü + husz kor-(so)	a boat of sixty-gur capacity ('boat' + 'sixty' + kor basket measure). ŋ >g ’boat’ + husz=20 + kor-só =jug
mar; mur	worm; earthworm. {mar is usually associated with snake, serpents >?worm?}
ma-ra-az	(variant of ma-az).
mar-ru10 [TU/GUR8] mer-(ül)	flood (cf., mar-uru5). [mer-ül=immerse, flooding ]
mar-sa	boat transport center ('to lock up' + 'to compensate').
maš más-od “1/2 rather than 2”	one-half; twin (ma4, 'to leave, depart, go out', + šè, 'portion') [MAŠ archaic frequency= 133]. [ más =other, the second one, más-od =2^nd, más-ol=to replicate, copy, draw ]
máš néz máj “used for divination”	n., extispicy (divination based on the entrails of a sacrificed animal); sacrificial animal [MAŠ2 archaic frequency= 60]. Usually the liver was used máj v., to scrutinize, inspect. m~n [néz=looks]
máš...šub más-(od)…csöp	describes an animal dropping or birthing its young ('goat' + 'to drop'). [más=replica, other, 2^nd + csöp=drip, small child]
maš; máš	interest (of a loan); rent; profit; produce, yield (of a field) (ma4, 'to leave, depart, go out', + šè, 'portion') [MAŠ archaic frequency= 133]. [ geting your share/ your portion, your "half" ]
máš; maš mek-(eg)	kid; he-goat [MAŠ2 archaic frequency= 60]. [onomotopeic of a bleating goat "mek"-eg (eg=does as suffix)]
máš-anše	animals, livestock ('goats' + 'equids').
mašda más, más(ol)	drawing; gazelle (máš, 'to scrutinize', + dù, 'to make, apply') [? DARA3 archaic frequency= 11; concatenation of 4 sign variants]. [más-ol =draw, make a replica]
maš-dà	gazelle (cf., mašda).
maš-da(2) mezö - töl	commoner; destitute. *metsa > mezö .. töl =from the wildlands, ?nomad
máš-da-ri-a; maš-da-rá-a ___ + ter-el	offering ('goat kid' + 'driven [animal]'). ’goat kid’ + ter-(el) =to drive animals, to herd
maš-gána magy(ar) - hon	settlement (Akk. loanword from maškanum, 'location, site', cf., šakaanum 'to place') (ZATU-356 archaic frequency= 4). mos~mies~man’s’I~magy-ar =man + hon=home
maš-ki mezö -hely	agricultural income, yield ('profit, produce, yield' + 'earth'). mezö =open lands + hely=place
maš-kim néz-ö kény(szer)	inspector, monitor, sheriff, commissioner (máš, 'to inspect', + kíŋ, 'work'). {m>n} [ néz =observe, monitor + kény-szer=must do, required? ]
máš-lulim	hind (female of the red deer) (smaller goat-like animal + 'stag, hart'). lulim ?Akkadian
maš-maš(-gal)	a type of priest - (great) exorcist (reduplicated 'goat kid; one-half; loan interest, profit').
máš-niga __ - nagy	grain-fed kid (smaller goat-like animal + 'fattened'). nan’c’e > nagy =big
maš-ŋi6	(cf., máš-ŋi6).
máš-ŋi6, maš-ŋi6 néz + éj	night-time vision, dream; omen ('goat/extispicy' + 'black/night'). [ néz =look, watch + éj=night ] {*ŋ >g, j, v}
maš-šu-gíd-gíd	(cf., šu-maš-gíd-gíd).
maš-tab-ba más(ik) –dup-la	young twins ('twin' + 'to be double' + nominative). [twin and double seem redundant] más-(ik)=the other, replica i.e. twin + dupla=double ?? OR több=more refering to the other, the twin’s more of /other’s. OR más–od= 2^nd.
máš-ùz-da(-k)	breeding he-goat ('he-goat' + 'she-goat' + genitive). [mek- =onomotopeic sound of goats +üz- =to try to mate,chase a female +d=formative verbal suffix ]
má-tùn[GÍN]	asphalt specialist ('boat' + 'to bind, bandage').
mà-ùr meni –hor-ho	ravine, gorge ('to go' ? + 'mountain pass'). [me-ni=to go + hor-ho=mountain pass] *kura =mountain > hor > _or-m
mé	(cf., gíg).
me(-da)...tùm munka (által).. teni	how will X attain or succeed ('function' + comitative + 'to obtain'). [munka=work + által=commitative + *teke>>tev-és=to do ]
me, mì; ŋe mü mun-(ka) mu-(tat) mese mi	n., function, [mü =creation, vehicle, ..munka=work] office, responsibility; ideal norm; the phenomenal area of a deity's power; divine decree, oracle; cult [ME archaic frequency = 363; concatenates 2 sign variants]. [ mu-tat =to show, direct, show an example, mü=create,creation ] v., to be; the Sumerian copula; to say, tell. [ me-se, mo-nda, etc to tell a tale, a saga etc] poss. suffix, our. [ *mi >> mi = we, but also mink =miŋ =us ]
me...ŋar mon(d)..?	to make silent ('divine decree' + 'to set'). [ *mońśe=tell, mythical stories >> mese, monda]
me3,6,7,9 mar-(ak-od)	battle [ME3 archaic frequency = 4]. [ marak-od =to fight tooth and nail + od suffix] Sumer “mar”? Sumerian drops trailing liquids.
me6 vis-(el)-(ked)	to act, behave. [{m >v} vis-(el)-(ked) =to act, to behave ]
me-a...túm mon..teni > mondani	to prepare something for the sake of one of the civilized functions ('me' + locative + 'to be suitable; to prepare').
me-a..lu(-lu) menyi .. *luke=count	how numerous are...? ('how ?' + 'numerous'). [me-nyi =how+much + *luke =10, count, to solve > olv-as=read]
me-a; mí-a mej	where ?; how ? ('to be' + locative). [ mej=which] mi- =what
me-àm me-(re) van	where is ? ('to be' + locative + enclitic copula). [me-re =which way? + van=is ] {-m >v}
me-du10-du10-ga mü(v)	the good 'me's, the beneficial functions. ('civilization's functions' + reduplicated 'sweet, good' + nominative). [mü=creations,magic; mese =originally the myths, stories of the gods]
me-en vagy-ok/om {m>v}	I am; I; also a writing for me, 'function' ('to be' + '1st & 2nd person ending'). [-m =I /me verbal suffix in sentence with a definite subject] this change of m>w must have occurred in all FU languges because the reconstruction is *wole based on current results. Yet Dravidian and Hurrian both have “me”.
me-en-dè(-en) mi-nk, mind-nyáj-(unk)	we; us ('to be' + '1st person plural ending'). [ *me > mi =we, at times also mink; mind=all ]
me-en-zè(-en) mind-nyaja-to(k)	you (plural) ('to be' + '2nd person plural ending'). { ti >zi } [min-d=all + sz=suffix for you=> the collective you]
-me-eš	used as plural suffix, especially in late Sumerian and Akkadian context texts. [according to Thompsen this isn’t a real plural suffix!, and used long after Sumerian died out, so it’s a foreign Sumerism]
me-gal	great office ('function' + 'great').
me-gida(2), megidda(2) mal-(ac) - kelt	sow (female pig). {-lV# >blk} {k>g} mal-(ac) =piglet + kot-lo=one who sits on the nest and brings new life. Generally kot-lo refers to the hen, but it’s the same idea. OR kelt=arise, bring new life.
me-huš	terrible 'me's, negative attributes ('functions' + 'terrible, angry').
me-kì-lib-ba	all the 'me's, all the functions of civilized life. {ki –lib=place home?}
mèl mel-(eg)	'scorching' = heartburn (?). [ mel-eg =warm, heat ]
me-lám...sù-sù	to deck with splendor ('splendor' + 'to strew, furnish, provide').
me-lám/li9(-m), me-lim5[LAM]	terrifying glance; splendor, radiance; halo, aura, light (myth.) ('divine power' + 'awe-inspiring quality; to shine').
méli, míli, mél, ŋèle, ŋìli[KA×LI]; mèl nyelv ? mell	throat, pharynx; voice (me,'to say, tell' + ?; cf., mu7[KA×LI]; cf., Semitic root which manifests in Akkadian as qâlu, 'be silent', but which means 'voice' in Hebrew, Syriac, and Ge'ez [P.R. Bennett, Comparative Semitic Linguistics, p. 50). [ hal=hear from UA root!!] [ nyelv =tongue, also used for the voice } [*mälke >>mell =chest/breast (> throat) area of the body] transference to near body part? ]
me-li-e-a	'woe is me'.
me-luh-ha^kiEvilath /Bible	a country - probably the Indus valley civilization in Pakistan. Evilath of the Bible {m>v}
me-mah mese + mag(as)	the high 'me's, the high functions ('function' + 'high, exalted'). mas or mese in the old sense of the word was the word of god. mag-as=high, tall.
mén min-t	both; alike (cf., mana). [ min-t=just like; mind=all; mino=one of two ]
me-n(4)	crown, tiara (metaphor of divine en-ship) (me, 'function, office' + en, 'lord') [MEN archaic frequency= 48; concatenation of 2 sign variants].
men2,3 *min > -m	I, myself (cf., me-en). [ *min > -m =I, my in verbal pronoun suffix ]
me-na-àm minö	when? ('to be' + èn, 'time; until' + enclitic copula). [ mi-nö =what kind? ] archaic but well understood term.
me-nam-nun-na müv –lem nem(es)-nek	the (god-given) 'me' of royalty ('function' + 'rulership' + genitive). m~n [müv=arts & magic +lem=suffix of concepts +*num>>nem-es=royalty +nek =of] “nemes müve-lem-nek”
men-an-uraš-a	crown of heaven and earth ('crown' + 'heaven' + 'earth' + genitive).
me-na-šè me- d -ig	how long? ('to be' + èn, 'time; until' + terminative). [mi-=what +idö>d =time+ ig=terminative suffix =how long ] There is also a time locative –en, but time itself “idö” was used here.
men-dalla __ -gyul	beaming crown ('crown' + 'beam, ray; to be bright'). __ + tuli > gyul =flame, fire.
me-ni-da mág-á-tol	along with himself ('to be' + 'self' + 'with'). [maga =his/her self, by his/her self, alone –tol=from] by his/her self will
me-nì-galam	perfected 'me's ('functions' + 'thing' + 'artistic, complicated').
men-ri-ba; men-rib-ba	supreme crown ('crown' + 'supreme').
men-saŋ	head-crown ('crown' + 'head'; cf., saŋ-men).
mer(2), mir(2); gùr mér-g-(es) mar-ó mor-(og)	n., storm wind; violent storm; north(wind); anger; belt, waistband; an encircling snake (var. of gùr) (me3,6,7,9,'battle', + to flow / circle + ur, 'to surround') [MER archaic frequency= 48; concatenates 2 sign variants]. [*mirkke >> MÉRG-es=angry, violent, biting-scratching, MAR=crushing, MOR-og=growling, moaning noise, MARÓ=biting snake, to mill something, to chrush something] v., to blow fiercely; to get angry. [*mirkke > mérg-es=angry, poisonous] adj., fierce, angry, furious. [*mirkke > mérg-es=angry, furious, violent, poisonous]
me-re	Emesal dialect for ŋìri.
mèš	(cf., mes).
mes, mèš *mos, mies , magy(ar)	young man; prince; son;. [*mańśe > Magy-ar = high born, noble clans, mythically the sons of heaven ; mies =man in Finnish, mos in Ostyak] hackberry tree in the elm family (me, 'endowment', + usu, 'strength'; Akkadian loanword - meesu I, 'hackberry tree'; cf., Orel & Stolbova #1766 *mi’es- 'tree') [MES archaic frequency= 32]. [Mogyoro=hazelnut tree]
me-šár-ra; me-ša-ra mese szer-te	all the 'me's ('functions' + 'totality; to be numerous' + nominative). [mańśe /mese =the legends, myths, stories which told of the gods and their teachings + szerte=all over]
me-šè mi-hoz, me-re	where to?, to where ? ('to be' + terminative). [me-re =which way (-re = dative suffix) ]
mè-šen (-šen-na)	battle; war ('battle' + 'copper implement'). ?? the other word for war is gud-bir /háború
me-te mez	fitting thing; suitability; unique; ornament; proper dress ('function' + 'to meet'). [ /ugrian/ *meće >> mez =clothing ] {t>z also } also Dravidian med=to wear clothing.
me-te...ŋál mez..nél/leni	to be fitting ('fitting thing' + 'to be'). mez=clothing .. leni=to be {metathesis}
me-te-bi-im	to suit, befit ('to be its fitting thing').
me-te-ŋál-saŋ-ŋi6-ga mez + gál- ság –éj-nek	adornment of the black-headed people, such as national totems, tatoos, costumes or other symbols of the Sumerians ('ornament' + 'to be' + 'the black-headed' + genitive). *j>g [ /ugrian/ *meće >mez=clothing + gál=formative suffix (being/doing) +/Ugrian/ *śaŋke>ság =collective/ethnic + *üje>>éj=night/north/dark + é=gentive(of) ] =clothing being/doing +head/collective +night/north.
meze	a type of drum (function + repetitive noise).
mezem [ÚMBISAG]	maintenance, support (?).
mi	(cf., gíg).
mí...dug4/du11/e	to praise; to handle gently, caress, rub; to take great care with (often with -ni-) ('female' + 'to speak, do').
mí[SAL] nö [szülö] nej né menye	n., woman; female (this pronunciation of the sign found in compound words and verbs or in enclitic or proclitic position, Hallo & van Dijk, p. 85) [ *eme >emse >nej =wife,mother ] (cf. also, mu10, munus) (compounds are more likely to preserve an older word) [SAL archaic frequency = 435]. [ *mińa >menye=daughter in law, menyecs-ke =young wife] adj., feminine. [ né=mrs, nö=woman]
mí-a	(cf., me-a).
^mibar-šu-ŋál	midwife ('innards' + 'hand' + 'to place').
middu(2), mit-um(2) nit, nil, nyél	mace (the weapon). [found in Sanksrit literature about the war of the gods as their weapon] *m~n [ nit, nil, nyil =arrow, but nyél =the handle, shaft of any weapon?] ? -um=formative; Hungarian –om.
MÍ-eden-na EMSE –hat(ár) -nak	she-ass of the steppe ('female' + 'steppe' + genitive). {#k>h>blk} [*eme > emse =mother,female + hat(ár) –nak ]
MÍ-gir *emse –gyer-(ek)	heifer, young cow ('female' + 'young heifer'). [*eme>emse =mother, female + gyer-ek=child, young (a variant of dhur/tur) ]
mi-ir mér-ges	Emesal dialect for ŋíri, 'scorpion'. [mér-ges=poisonous, angry]
milla[IŠ]	(cf., zíd-milla).
min(3,5,6)	(cf., mina and mana).
mina, min(5,6) minó menye	two; second (mí, 'woman', + na, 'distinct things', because a woman has two breasts). [ minó=one of a set of two, min-d=like, likeness ] [meny-ecs-ke =young wife, meny-eg-zö =wedding ]
mi-rí	(cf., mer).
MÍ-u5-a *EME –ül-ö	selected for breeding ('female' + 'to mount' + nominative). [*eme=mother,wife + *süle>>öl=lap, sexual areas, ül=to sit +ö =the one who ]
MÍ-u8 *EME +yuh	ewe lamb ('female' + 'ewe'). ['female'+ juh ="u" sheep ]
mí-ús-sá meny-ecs-ke meny-eg-zö	bride ?; son-in-law ? ('woman' + 'to come near to' + 'to equal in value'). meny-ecs-ke =young wife, bride meny-eg-zö =the wedding {-hoz >zö =to }
mí-ús-sá-tur nö-hoz(a)-?- gyer-(ek)	son-in-law ('woman' + 'to come near to' + 'to equal in value' + 'young, little'). nö=woman +hoza=brings + ? + gyer(ek)=child. A male child brought from the woman’s (family).
mu név nev-ez mon-d mi-at	n., name; [ *nim > név=name/thing] word; [nevez=to name or call something ] year; line on a tablet, [mond=to say, mondat=sentence] entry; oath (cf., ŋu10) [MU archaic frequency = 99]. v., to name, speak (cf., mug). [mond =to say,talk, mese =tale,story<< originally a religious story] prep., because. [mi-at =due to ] conjugation prefix, suggests involvement by speaker, used especially before dative infixes, [ ir-OM, ker-EM etc OM = I , definite conjugation require a subject] preferred for animate and agentive subjects. [ -OM =suffix for I when the sentence has a specific subject else K is used]
mú	(cf., mud6).
mu hé-ŋál-la	a year of abundance ('year' + 'overflow; abundance' + genitive).
mu(-šè)...sa4 nev-(ez) –hez ..szól	to name; to give as name ('name' (+ terminative) + 'to name'). név or nev-ez =calls, names –hez =to ..szól =calls, tells.
mù, ma5[KA׊È] mar-ó	to mill, grind; to burn (reduplication class). [mar =to etch, to mill, to bite; maró-gép=milling machine ]
mu-...-a(k)-šè mi-at-a…hoz-a	because (in a nominalized sentence); for somebody's sake ('name' + genitive + terminative). [mi-(at)=because of + hoz=brings + –a =him/her]
mu...pàd/pà név..vál(asz)	to invoke; to choose ('name' + 'to call, swear'). név =name .. fel(el) ~ vál(asz) {*p>v}
mu...šè mi..ér, mi szán(d)(ék)	because ('name' + terminative). mi-ér =why, mi..szán(dék) =what intention
mu10[SAL] *eme [SZÜLÖ]	woman; female (cf. also, mí, munus) [SAL archaic frequency = 435]. [*eme > emse=female, mother// *mińa > menyecske =wife of childbearing age]
mu4	(cf., mur10).
mu5	well-formed, beautiful; plump, fattened.
mu6[PA]-sùb