A, B, D Words

based on John Halloran's Sumerian Lexicon
Sumerian FU List modified (in red) by Fred Hamori's Sumerian & FU List

-/ak-eš/	because (genitival suffix + adverbial suffix). [ ok =the cause, ok-oz=to cause ]
á guruš-bi	workmen's wages ('wages' + 'workers' + 'its'). [keres-et =wages earned ]
á kaskal-la	migrant harvest workers ('arms, work performance' + 'road, caravan, journey' + genitive). [mun-kás=worker?]
a numun-saŋ-ŋá	water of the first seeds = watering of seeds just planted ('water' + 'seeds' + 'first' + genitive). [áz=soak+ nem-z =procreate, to seed + egy=one/or öszeg=to be one,total +nek=genetive]
a úš-a	to dam up water ('water' + 'piling up an earthen dam'). {*k>h>blk } *k>h>blk [water determinative + *kaća >>hegy =mound,mountain]
a-^(IM)šèŋ-ŋá	rainwater ('water' + 'rain' + genitive). [ water determinative + *eće >> es-ik=raining ,falling ]
a, e4	n., water; watercourse, canal; seminal fluid; offspring; father; tears; flood. [A archaic frequency 519] interj., alas!. [ i- =root for drink ] prep., locative suffix - where; in; when - denotes movement towards or in favor of a person. def. article, nominalizing suffix for a noun or noun clause, denoting 'the'.
á...áŋ _ kér	to command; to instruct (someone-da-) ('strength' + 'to check'). [ ak-ar=wants, kér =asks (for) ] *ŋ>k
á...búru	to open the wings ('wings' + 'to spread out').
á...dar adó_	to confiscate ('wages' + 'to split'). [adó =tax ]
a...dé önt	to pour out water; to irrigate; to flood ('water' + 'to pour'). {#w >blk} =pour, irrigate, however *wite =water,river > viz=water
á...dúb; á-dúb...aka	to flap one's wings (with -šè and -ši-, to fly towards) ('wings' + 'to flap/shake' + 'to do'). [ determinative + tumpa> dob-=bang, drum, (onomotopeic sound) ] + še [szál=fly, -hoz=toward suffix]
a...dug4/e _ .. *tekke	to irrigate ('water' + 'to do'). [önt=irrigate + *tekke > tesz=does,makes ]
á...è	to bring up, rear; to take care ('strength' + 'to emerge').
á...gur *kere > gör-be	to bend the arm ('arm' + 'circular motion'). [ kör-be=into a circle (be=into) > gör-be =crooked, bent ] {*k>g>h}
a...íl	to carry water ('water' + 'to lift, carry'). [ i-sz=drink /áz=get wet,soaked + *äle-me =lift]
á...ŋar gar-áz-	to act strongly; to oppress; to resist; to reinforce ('strength' + 'to establish'). [ gar-áz-da =ruffian, villain; garázdá-l= ravage, to bully, act like a ruffian.
a...ŋar/ŋá-ŋá ju-ngar	to irrigate; to be submerged ('water' + 'to store; to deposit, deliver'). *jüngar, jugria =river basin > ugar =fallow land > ugor, ungar >>Hungar(ian)
a...ra ára-sz	to ejaculate ('seminal fluid' + 'to strike, overflow'). [ ára-sz = floods, er-ed =origin, source, to spout/spring]
a...ri	to engender ('semen' + 'to pour into'). *ć>š>ų [ ‘water’ + *ćore > csor- og =flow ]
a...ru	to dedicate; to give as a votive gift (with dative) ('water' + 'to send'). [‘water’ + jár=travel / an expected gift ]
a...si	to be filled with water ('water' + 'to fill up'). [ ‘water’ + *sose > áz =to get soaked]
á...sud/sù	to move [intransitive] (reduplication class) ('arm' + 'to stretch').
á...-ta ..a-tol	at the prompting of; by means of the strength of ('strength' + instrumental suffix). [a-tol=from it, due to it]
a...tab	to hold or block water ('water' + 'to hold').
á...tál	to have broad arms; to spread wings or arms ('arms; wings' + 'to be broad; to spread'). [ “arm “ + táv=distant, tág=broad t>s szél(es)=wide ]
a...tu5 …tus	to bathe ('water' + 'to wash'). [ “water” + Turkic töz , Hu tisz-ta=clean, tus =to shower]
a...tùm	to flow with water ('water' + 'to bring, carry').
A.EN-da-urudu ón +tol+ réz	a type of copper. {t>z} [ ón=tin +(tol=from) +*ratua > réz=copper >> " bronze" ]
a-a av	father (reduplicated 'offspring'). [ ap > av = old, out dated ] Sumerian drops w/v
a-ab-ba apa	(cf., aba). [ apa =father; apó =old man ]
a-ah-du11-ga	(cf., ah-du11-ga).
á-an-zú-lum-ma *saNke >an,ég + szöllö_	date clusters; raceme ('arm, wing' + 'sky, high' + 'date fruit'). *ŋ>g/n [ *saNke > ég=sky/ág=branch + szilva=plum ] transferance to another fruit name, a plum is roughly same size and dark like dates.
á-áŋ-ŋá	instructions, orders ('strength' + 'to check', + a, nominalizer).
á-áš *äč > ás-kál	what one needs ('strength' + 'to wish, desire'). [*äč = desire>>ás-kál =scheme, intrigue]
ab ab-lak	window; opening; niche, nook (cf., aba) [AB archaic frequency = 384; concatenates 2 sign variants (sign also used for èš and aba - for this reading and meaning in Fara period, see Krebernik, Beschwörungen]. [ab-lak < av+luk =window, LUK=a hole, ab/av related to a door or opening as in Finnish avat=door. ]
Áb *pid >fej(ni)	domestic cow (a,'water, liquid', + íb,'middle') [AB2 archaic frequency = 288]. {metathesis of the CV to VC in Sumerian} [*pid> bi >ab = milk; *pid > fej-ni=to milk ]
ab-(ba)	(cf., aba).
a-ba ho-vá	who (a, 'to', + bi, 'it', + a, 'the'). {*w>b/blk } [ho +vá =where to, to whom?]
aba, ab hab	lake; sea [AB archaic frequency = 384; concatenates 2 sign variants]. [ *xumpa > hab =wave, foam, turbulent water ]
a-ba-al	'dry' asphalt (Akkadian loanword - abaalu, 'to be dry; to mourn', may be Orel & Stolbova #2519).
a-bala	drawing of water (a, 'water', + bala, 'turn, duty').
áb-ama *pid + *eme	mother cow ('cow' + 'mother'). [pid=fejt + *eme >anya=mother ]
áb-amar *pid >fejö + marha	mother cow ('cow' + 'calf'). [ *pid>fejö + marha =beef, cattle ]
abba	(cf., ab-ba).
ab-ba apa, bá	father; elder; ancestor (Akk. loanword). [common throughout Asia! apa=father, após=father in law, bá=elder,respected man ]
ab-ba-uru apó + uru-as > város	city elder ('elder' + 'city'). [ apó =elder man + uruas=city (old Hungarian) >> vár(os) =fort>city]
ab-gal(2) av/apo +	sage, wise man, wizard (abba, 'elder', + gal, 'great') [ABGAL archaic frequency= 31]. [ apa = father, elder {p>v} av- =get old, useless, outdated.]
áb-gir15/gi7[KU]	domestic cow ('cow' + 'domestic').
áb-gud-há *pidh >fejö + gulya + k	herd ('cow' + 'bull' + 'assorted, mixed'). {hu is also a nonpersonal plural suffix } [ fejö=milk + gulya =cattle + k=plural suffix ]
á-bi ba-ma-ta (á-bi?) + fél –megy –töl	at one-half its hire price ('wages' + 'its' + 'to divide' + 'to go' + 'from'). [‘its wages’ + fél=half +megy/men =go +töl=from ] ‘from half the going price’ The problem is only that Modern Hungarian no longer allows this particular case suffix to be used with a verb and replaced it with el+verb. However most of the case endings can be used with the verb as prefixes, indicating direction of action or a location.
ab-ki-iz öbl+has(it)	clean furrow, unobstructed by weeds ('niche' + 'trimmed'). [ öbl- =a hollow + kés=knife >has- =to slice,cut ]
ab-làl öbl + légy	phonetic writing of ablal(3). (bird nest) [ L < > N] [öbl=depression, hollow + *lunta =bird >>lud =gose, légy= a fly ] { l>gy does occur}
ab-lal(3) öbl + légy	bird niche, nest (ab, 'niche, nook', + lal, 'to be high; to hanN). [öbl =concave, hollow, etc + légy=a fly ]
áb-máh[AL] fej + enéh	cow in 3rd year of life that has calved ('cow' + 'calf'). {m>n} [fej- =to milk + enéh = female young cow ]
a-brig jó + biro-da-(lom)	a purification priest (a, 'water', + barag, 'ruler; throne') [ABRIG archaic frequency= 9]. [*jó_=river/water +biro-da-lom =empire; lom =suffix of collectives ]
áb-saŋ eb(éd) + szeg	a piece of tableware (?). *ŋ>g/n [ eb-(éd) =meal + *čeŋke >>szeg =nail, skewer >> fork or used to roticerie]
ab-sin(3) öbl+szi-(ta)	(seeded) furrow (ab, 'niche', + sín, 'to sift'). [öbl =niche,hollow + szi-ta =sifter, sive ] -t=deverbal
ab-sín; ab-si-im-ma; ab-sù-na	furrow ('niche' + 'to sift'). [öbl =a niche, an indentation, concave thing + szán=sledge > szán-t=to plow ]
ab-sín -gilim-ba/ma	crossing, transversal furrow, possibly for drainage ('furrow' + 'to cross plow' ( + 'its') + nominative).
abul[KÁ.GAL] aivo	city gate (loanword from Semitic for 'door', Orel & Stolbova, Hamito-Semitic Etymological Dictionary (1995), #287). {*w>b } Finnish aivo =door. Hu ab-lak=window. { w>b }
áb-úr	a piece of tableware (?).
ab-zu hab-zó	the 'sentient' sea - the sea personified as a god (aba/ab, 'sea' + zu, 'to know') [ABZU archaic frequency= 28]. [Ugrian *xumpa > hab=wave,foam,scum, habzó =waving, foaming, turbulent water, Finnish for foam, scum. However ész =mind, smart, ‘sentience’.
ad...gi4	to echo; to ponder; to take counsel (with someone-da-) ('shout' + 'to answer').
ad...gi4-gi4 ad jóg	to give counsel; to converse (confidentially) (cf., ad...gi4). ad=give + jóg =law rights ? as a lawyer tells you your rights under law.
ad...ša4 dal..sír	to wail; to resound; to sing ('song' + 'to mourn'). -l>ø, -r>ø ad=metathesis of dal ? [dal=song + sir=cry ]
ad3,6 attya	(cf., adda). atya =father
ad4	lame, cripple.
a-da gub-ba jó-tol guba-szt	water duty ('water' + 'near' + 'to stand' + nominative). jó=river suffix + töl=from + guba-szt =to squat >>he squats near to “from” the water.
ada, ad atya tag-(ad)	n., father; [*atta > atya =father , dal=song ] shout; song [AD archaic frequency = 36; concatenates 3 sign variants]. [dal=song] v., to balk. [tag-ad =deny, separate, disavow]
a-da...tuš jó-tol .. tesz	to live near the water ('water' + 'near' + 'to dwell (singular)'). [ *juke > jó=water,river + *teke >> te-sz =to place ] dwell is tel-ep
a-da-ab dal av	a type of song (also written as a-tab, 'burning tears' ?). [ dal =song + av =old ] p>v
a-da-al-ta a-tol	from now on ('now' + 'from'). [ a-tol =from thence, from this time on]
á-dab5	hirelings ('wages' + 'to hire').
á-dah ág + ad	help; ally ('strength' + 'to add'). Note that Sumerian á comes from aha [ ág =branch (of the body in this case) + ad=to give, to add ] but agod=to worry.
a-da-lam; i-da-al-àm	now ('now' + 'to be'). [ it =here +leni =to be ] however idö=time +lom=collective suffix. (time collective)
á-dam adó + eme>anya	settlement; levy ('wages' + 'spouse'). [ adó =tax, adag=ration, food gift + anya << (that) given to mother/wife ]
adamen(2,3) tám-ad	argument; fight. [?_tám-ad =attack, ‘rise up’ ]
a-da-mìn idö mint	contest ('when' + 'with' + 'an equal'). [ idö =time +min-t=just like,equal in ]
a-da-mìn... aka tám-ad … kész(it)	to compete (with someone -da-) ('contest' + 'to do, make'). támad=attack, arise + kész-it =prepare, make or kész-tet =cause to/make to do.
a-da-mìn... dug4/du11/e	to compete ('contest' + 'to speak, do, make').
a-dar-tún^ku6	a fish ('water' + 'to slice' + 'to smash').
ad-da	(cf., ada).
adda(2), ad3,6 tet-(em)	carcass, corpse; skeleton [ADDA archaic frequency = 4]. [ tet-em=the physical body, corpse ] –em=formative
adda4, ád üld-(öz)	to dispatch, send; to drive away; shrub, thornbush [? KIŠIK archaic frequency = 21; concatenates 3 sign variants]. [ üld-öz =to chase, pursue, drive (animals) ] -öz =a frequentive suffix, verb formative
addir[A.PA.NISAL.PAD.DIRIG] hid	ferry; bridge (ída/íd, 'river', + dirig/dir, 'to go over'). [ híd =bridge ] *witte =water,river > id >hid ? found also as ügy=small river.
addirx ad-(ag)	wages. [*amta > ad =give food/drink > ad-ag = a portion, adó=tax ]
a-dé üde	fresh. [ üde =fresh, moistened, watered; édes=sweet, fresh (water)]
a-dé-a _töl-t	the yearly spring flood ('water' + 'to pour' + nominative). *t >d, -l >ø [ töl-t=to fill, to pour ] –t=formative, tele=full adj., beautiful; blue; green.
ad-kíd atya + köt(és)	reed mat plaiter ('father' + kid, 'reed mat'). “gyékény kötés” [ atya =father + köt=tie, knit ]
ad-kub4[KID]	reed weaver; wicker-worker; maker of reed mats, boats, and containers.
ad-tab	rein(s) ('shout' + 'to hold; to be double'). to give a + tap- (touch, clap etc to do with the hand)
a-dùg	freshwater ('water' + 'sweet, fresh'). [éd-es =sweet, "fresh" water is called "sweet" water ] [ *wete >weδe > όde =fresh, moistened, watered, refreshed, όdόl =to refreshen >> to vacation ]
a-dun-a viz-tan	inshore fisherman (?) ('water' + 'lowly student' + nominative). [‘water’ + tan-ul=learn/student; tan=subject of knowledge, science] ‘to study the water’
a-e...gu7(-a) viz-hor(ul)	eroded by the water ('water' + ergative agent marker + 'to consume' ( + nominative)). [‘water’ + hor(ul) =etch, scratch away, etc ]
a-è-a	overflowing or breaks in levees ('water' + 'to emerge' + nominative). This is way too pared down to make sense of. Such a SPOKEN language is incomprehensible and therefore must have been like shorthand.
a-eštub^ku6	high tide, early flood ('water' + 'river carp'). esö + több =more/extra rain (this explanation is only valid if the Sumerian version is written as a homonym.)
ag	(cf., ak).
a-ga hát	back, backside; after; back room (cf., eŋir). *k>g [ *k>x>h *kutte >> hát =back of the body, határ=outer lands, borders; ger-inc=spine ]
aga(3) aga-ncs	diadem, circlet, crown (of legitimate kingship); aga-ncs =crown of horns (ncs may be a compaction of nacs which became nagy=big) turban [TUN3 archaic frequency = 96; concatenates 3 sign variants]. [*saNke=head > agy =brain but deriving from the word for head ] “head” + wrap.
aga(3)-ús *kuj > hies	policeman; companion, attendant; soldier ('crown' + 'to follow'). [ *kaća, kuj > hies =young man >> hös=hero, husz-ár=soldier]
a-ga...gur hát(ra) .. ker-ül	to turn back ('back' + 'to return'). [ hát-ra .. ker-ül =return to the back ] -ra=to, up to case marker
a-ga-am, a-ga-àm, a-ga-mu-um *kom-es > hany	artificial pond - a large, marshy, and permanent or semi-permanent lake used as a reservoir to dispose of flood waters (prob. Akk. loanword). not Akkadian [ Ugrian *xam- > hant, hany =marsh, swamp] found in several river names also.
a-ga+aš-gi4 hát + ösz +ki	the most awkward one ('in back' + 'the one' + 'to send, reject'). [*kutte>hát(ul)=back /behind+ ösz =all together as one + ki =out, ?outsider ]
a-gáb	(cf., ugu4-bi).
a-ga-bi-šè	afterwards ('after' + adverbial force suffix + 'towards').
a-gal viz -gyül	overflow of flood waters ('waters' + 'big'). { a=water is just a shorthand for water } [ water+ gyül=accumulate,gather together]
Agam *komes > hany	swamp (a, 'water', + gam, 'to decline, incline'). [Ugrian *kom-es > Hu han,hány =swamp ]
ágan, akan	(cf., akani).
a-gàr jüngar	irrigated field ('water; seed' + 'cake' ?). -s>ø, [ jüngar > ugar >> hungar, ungar =wetlands, swampy river]
á-gàr kar-ol	embrace (?) ('arms' + 'something round and upraised' =). á < aha arm/?branch of body. [ kar=arm + *kere >> kör-ül=around, kar-ol =embrace ] kar=arm/Altaic